Safety razor



JEAN-BAPTISTE R. sAvARY 2,182,571

SAFETY RAZOR Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Aug. 23, 1937 J NVENTOR= JEAN-BAPTISTERAOUL SAVARY ATTORNEV5 mm w 9 6.

Dec. 5, 1939.

JEAN-BAPTISTE R. SAVARY 2,182,571

SAFETY RAZOR Filed Aug. 23, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 1-7 .15. fie. 18

- IlNVENTOR JEAN BAPTISTE RAOUL SAVARY awo f ATTOR N 5Y5 Patented Dec.5, 1939 UNITED STATES SAFETY RAZOR. V Jean-Baptiste Raoul Savary, Paris,France Application August 23, 1937, Serial No. 160,390 In France Aprilv, 1937 14 Claims.

The present invention has for its object improvements in safety razorsof the type in which the blade is held in its mean region between thecap and a guard or other seating part.

In the known safety razors the distance between the cutting edges of theblade and the guard remains constant. According to the invention it ispossible to modify or adjust said distance as afunction of the width ofthe blade.

' For this purpose the invention is mainly characterized in that theposition of the planes which are tangential to the cap and to the guardcan be progressively and very accurately modified in such a manner as tocause to vary both the slope. of the cutting edges of the bladerelatively to said planes and the extent of the projections which thecutting edges of the blades make on said planes.

The modification of said tangential planes is effected by a displacementof the cap or of the guard, or, again, of the edges of this latter.

In an embodiment the seating member can carry adjustable marginalelements forming the guard or, again, it can be combined with a partcarrying the said elements.

The adjustable elements forming the guard can be displaced separately orsimultaneously so as to enable, in the first case, different adjustmentsfor the two cutting edges to be obtained on the same razor.

The adjustable elements can be of any type, they can be formed byeccentrics or cams which are movable by rotation, or, again, by slidingparts.

The control means of the adjustable elements can also be of any desiredtype. p

In another embodiment the edges of the'guard are formed by resilientlydeformable blades of which the position can be adjusted.

The cap can also be constructed with adjustable edges for the purposehereinbefore indicated.

In another embodimentv a block of resiliently deformable material suchas rubber, which can be more or less compressed, can be interposedbetween the guard or the seating member and the blade which is pressedagainst the cap. I

The invention further covers other particular points which will appearin the following text made with reference to the accompanying draw! ingswhich is given by way of example only and in which:

Fig. l is an elevation in axial section of a safety razor constructedaccording to the invention, said section being taken along the line IIof Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 is a side view corresponding to the previous figure. g

Fig. 3 is a plan corresponding to Fig. 1 with a partial section takenalong the line IIIIII of Fig. 1. t

Fig. 4 is a side View, in partial section, of a modification ofconstruction. Y

Fig. 5 is a side view, in partial section, of another form ofconstruction.

Fig. 6 is a partial view in sectiontaken along the line VIVI of theprevious figure.

Fig. 7 is a transverse section of a modification of construction of amovable element forming a guard, said section being taken along the lineVII-VII of Fig. 8.

Fig. 8 is a section taken along the line VIIIVIII of the previousfigure.

Fig. 9 is an embodiment, with partial sections, showing a deviceensuring the watertightness of the inside of the rotating elementforming a guard.

Fig. 10 shows a device having an external cursor for controlling therotating element.

Figs. 11 and 12 are transverse sections of rotating elements.

Figs. 13-20 illustrate other embodiments of razors constructed accordingto the invention.

Fig. 21 is a side View of another embodiment.

Fig. 22 is a plan in section along the line XXII--XXII of the previousfigure.

Fig. 23 is a partial view of a modification of the constructionillustrated in Figures 21 and 22.

The razor more particularly shown in Figs. .1, 2 and 3, comprises a capI, a seating member 2,

a supports for the guards and a handle 4 at the end of which is screweda threaded head 5 secured to the cap. I

The blade 6 is clamped in its mean longitudinal region, between the capI and the seating member 2, the support 3 being held in an adjustablemanner by screws 1 on the end lugs 2 of the seating member 2.

According to a particularly important point of the present invention,the guards of the. razor are formed in the example of Figs. 1, 2 and 3by eccentric rollers 8. Said rollers are constructed with a longitudinaleccentric bore in which are en gaged, on the one hand a longitudinalslit tube 9 for the passage of the operative end of a cursor l0, and onthe other hand a threaded shaft I I on which is mounted the said cursor.The latter engages with its operative end in a helicalor like groove l4provided in the bore of the roller 8. The slit tube 9 is rigidly fixedto the support 3, and the shaft I [terminates at'its ends by operat- 1ing knobs l5. By acting on the knobs 15, the shafts II are displaced inrotation and consequently the cursors l which are mounted on said shaftsare displaced in translation, thereby causing an angular adjustment ofthe eccentric rollers 8 forming the guards of the razor. In amodification of construction of the device illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and3, the groove of the roller can be longitudinal, the groove of the tubebeing in that case helical.

In the previously described razor, the two rollers 8 can be adjustedindependently of each other, the adjustments shown being different inFig. 2.

In said figure the planes P1 and P2, which are tangential respectivelyto the cap I and to the rollers 8', subtend with the line II difierentangles al and a2. The adjustment of the eccentric rollers enables thevalue of the projections formed by the cutting edges of the blade onsaid planes, to be modified relatively to the planes P1 and P2, as wellas the angles which said cutting edges subtend with said planes.

4 illustrates a modification of construction of the first formdescribed. The eccentric rollers 8 are rotatably mounted direct on theshafts II and are locked in position by nuts is. This adjusting deviceby means of the direct action on the rollers 8 is a very simpleconstruction.

Fig. 5 illustrates another construction in which the previouslydescribed tube is eliminated, the rotating elements 8 which form theguards having the shape of cams. The axis of the cursor i0 is eccentricrelatively to the axis of the cam 8. The cursor slides on a threaded rodl l and penetrates into a helical groove M of the element 8. It will beobserved that the watertightness of the inside of the cam is ensured bylocking this latter at its ends against its support.

Figs. 7 and 8 illustrate a modification of the construction of Fig; 5the cursor ii) having two projections li'l which engage in two helical"grooves provided in the corresponding guard 8.

Fig. 9 shows a modification of construction in which the ends of theguards 8 are closed by parts 20.

In the example of Fig. 10 the cursor is movable by translation on a rod22 and engages in a groove l4 provided in the periphery of the guard 8,

Figs. 11 and 12 illustrate two other forms of construction ofcontrol-means of a guard 8. Fig. 11 is a modification of the guard ofthe razor illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, the same members being indicatedby the same references as in said figures.

In the example of Fig. 12 the cursor in is held stationary angularly bya semi-cylindrical fixed rod 25, said cursor being displaced by thethreaded rod I I.

The inside of the guard carries a helical groove, the fixed rod which isin principle semi-cylindrical having a plane face passing through itsaxis or parallelv to the latter. In a modification of this arrangementthe fixed rod can have a helical surface instead of a plane surface, thegroove of the guard being straight,

Fig. 13 shows a razor in, which the guards 8 are held stationary byscrews 29. The guards can again be held stationary by bolts formed inparticular by resiliently deformable blades (Fig. 14).

The hinged guards as illustrated in Fig. 15 can be simultaneouslycontrolled by a common screw 35, the guards 8 and the screw forming asystem of the worm and tangential wheel type.

In the example of Fig. 16 the hinged guards 8 have arms 36 which aredisplaced by screws 31 against the action of springs or blocks ofrubber.

Fig 17 illustrates a modification of construction of Fig. 15; the guardsforming tangential wheels are driven by difierent worms 35 and 35*.

Figs. 18 and 19 illustrate a device for locking the guards through theinstrumentality of radial notches 47.

In the example of Fig; 20 the guards 8 have toothed segments 48 withwhich engages a resilient locking blade, 49. I

Figs. 21 and 22 illustrate an embodiment of a razor of a simpleconstruction and of which the adjustment can be effected with very greataccuracy.

Each guard 8 which is constructed in the shape of a tubular body isinternally threaded to receive a screwed rod 53 of which the ends,forming trunnions 54, are eccentric relatively to the longitudinal axisof said rod 53 The trunnions are engaged in corresponding bearingsprovided in end supports 55, it being possible to subject each rod 53 toa slight axial displacement relatively to the supports. bodies 8 havetails 55 terminating in heads .51 engaged in corresponding grooves 53provided in the supports 55.

By engaging a screwdriver, which can consist of the lower removable endof the handle, in a saw cut provided in the end of each trunnion 54,

each. rod 53 and consequently the corresponding guard 8 can be angularlydisplaced. Two posiresponding guard 8, Each knob can have a striatedportion permitting of the action of the finger asindicated at H and asmooth portion 12 on which are marked graduations intended to facilitatethe adjustment of the guards by the user, a mark being provided at 13for example. It will be observed, as illustrated in Fig. 23, that therods 53 are smooth and that the corresponding bores provided in theguards 8 have no threads. I Furthermore, means are provided for lockingeach cam inany position of use.

It is obvious that the embodiments described and illustrated are onlygiven herein by way of indication and are non-limitative. Anymodifications or variations which in no way alter the maincharacteristics hereinbefore explained or the object aimed at, remainincluded in the scope of the present invention.

I claim:

1. In a safety razor in which the blade is held, in its medial region,between a cap and a seating member, in combination: a support, rollerseccentrically pivoted on said support to progressively and veryaccurately modify the position of the planes which are tangential to thecap and to theguards, so as to simultaneously vary the slope of thecutting edges of the blades relatively to said planes and the amount bywhich the cutting edges of the blades project from said planes,

2. In a safety razor as claimed in claim 1, the said rollers areprovided with a longitudinal eccentric bore in which are engaged, on theone hand a longitudinlly slit tube, and the other hand a threaded shafton which is mounted a cursor having an operative end engaged in ahelical groove provided in the bore of the corresponding roller, meansbeing provided for rig-- idly fixing the slit tube to said support, andthe threaded shaft is shaped at its ends to form operating knobs.

3. In a safety razor as claimed in claim 1, the said rollers areprovided with a longitudinal eccentric bore in which are engaged, on theone hand a helically slit tube, and on the other hand a threaded shafton which is mounted a cursor having an operative end engaged in alongitudinal groove provided in the bore of the corresponding roller,means being provided for rigidly fixing the slit tube to the saidsupport, and the shaft is shaped at its ends to form operating knobs.

4. In a safety razor as claimed in claim 1, each roller is provided withan eccentric bore for the passage of a shaft mounted on the saidsupport, means being provided for locking each roller in any desiredposition on the support.

5. In a safety razor in which the blade is held, in its medial region,between a cap and a seating member, in combination: a support, twoelements forming guards and rotatably mounted on said support, eachelement being constructed as a cam with a longitudinal bore and ahelical groove, a cursor engaged in each bore and constructed with anose engaged in the corresponding helical groove, each cursor beingconstructed with a tapped eccentric perforation, a threaded rod for eachcursor, each threaded rod being engaged in the tapping of thecorresponding cursor and rotatably mounted, so that the'rotation of eachrod produces only a translation of the corresponding cursor andconsequently a rotation of the corresponding cam element,

6. In a safety razor as claimed in claim 5, a second helical groove ineach rotating cam element and a second projection on the cursor toengage in said second helical groove.

7. In a safety razor in which the blade is held, in its medial region,between a cap and a seating member, in combination: a support, two guardelements rotatably mounted on said support, each element beingconstructed as a cam with a helical groove, a cursor provided with anose engaged in the groove, each cursor being provided with a tappedperforation, a threaded rod for each cursor, each threaded rod beingengaged in the tapping of the corresponding cursor and rotatably mountedso that the rotation of each rod produces only a translation of thecorresponding cursor and consequently a rotation of the correspondingcam element.

8. In a safety razor in which the blade is held, in its medial region,between a cap and a seating member, in combination: a support, two guardelements rotatably mounted on said support and each provided with anaxial bore and a helical groove, two tubes, each provided with alongitudinal slit, each of said tubes being engaged in the bore of thecorresponding element and rigidly in its medial region, between a capand a seat ing member, in combination: a support, two guard elementsrotatablyinounted on said support and each provided with an axial boreand a helical groove, two semi-cylindrical rods engaged in the two boresof the guard elements, two semi-cylindrical cursors having a projection,each cursor being engaged in the cut away portion-cfthe bore of thecorresponding cam element, said projection being engaged in thecorresponding helical groove, each cursor having a tapping,

two threaded rods adapted to rotate in said support, each rod beingengagedin the tapping of the corresponding cursor so that the rotationof each rod causes a translation of the corresponding ,cursor andconsequently a rotation of the corresponding guard element.

10. In a safety razor in which the blade is held, in its medial region,between a cap and a seating member, in combination: a support, partsforming guards rotatably mounted on said support and constructed as camsand having an arcuate toothed portion, and a worm meshing with saidarcuate parts, so that the rotation of said worm causes the rotation ofthe parts forming guards.

tation of the corresponding cam-forming part.

12. In a safety razor in which the blade is held, in its medial region,between a cap and a seating member, in combination: a support, guardsrotatably mounted on said support and constructed as cams, toothedsegments secured to said guard and resilient blades engaged in thetoothings of said segments to resiliently lock the latter in positionand consequently the said guards, while permitting rotation of saidguards.

13. In a safety razorin which the blade is held, in its medial region,between, a cap and a seating member, in combination: a support havingbearings and grooves, threaded rods having eccentric ends formingtrunnions and engaged in said bearings, and guards constructed as camsand having a longitudinal axial tapped bore for I receiving the threadsof said rods, said guards furthermore having a lever arm terminating ina head engaged in a corresponding groove of the support so that therotation of the threaded rods causes an eccentric rotation of saidguards.

14. In a safety razor in which the blade is held,

in its medial region, between a cap and .a seating member,incombination: a support having bearing portions and grooves, smoothcylindrical rods having eccentric ends forming trunnions and engaged insaid bearing portions and guards constructed as cams and having alongitudinal axial, bore to receive said rods, said guards furthermorehaving a lever arm terminating in a head engaged in a correspondinggroove of the support, so that the rotation of the rods produces aneccentric rotation of said guards which are furthermore shaped to eachform a cavity to accommodate a knob which is secured to thecorresponding rod and which is adaptedto be actuated with the finger todisplace said rod and consequently the corresponding guard, and meansfor locking said guards.

JEAN-BAPTISTE RAOUL SAVARY.

